C++ :

#include<cstdio>
const int N=100010;
int h[N]={0};
int main()
{
    int n,i,a,b,c,ans=2;
    scanf("%d",&n);
    for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
    scanf("%d",&h[i]);
    for(i=2;i<n;i++)
      {if(h[i-1]<h[i]&&h[i]>h[i+1])ans++;
      if(h[i-1]>h[i]&&h[i]<h[i+1])ans++;
      if(h[i]==h[i+1])h[i]=h[i-1];}
    printf("%d",ans);
    return 0;
}